কোচিংয়ে টাকা নষ্ট নয়! Academic Grammar ও IELTS 8.5+ শিখুন একদম ফ্রিতে।

Paragraph A: Metropolitan areas across the globe are experiencing noticeably higher temperatures than their surrounding rural regions, a phenomenon known as the Urban Heat Island (UHI) effect. Concrete, asphalt, and dense building structures absorb solar radiation throughout the day and release it slowly at night, preventing cities from cooling down effectively.

Paragraph B: While industrialization was initially blamed as the sole driver of urban warming, recent climatological studies indicate that the lack of urban vegetation (evapotranspiration) and dark rooftop surfaces account for nearly 65% of the temperature discrepancy. Cities that replaced conventional black asphalt with reflective cool pavements observed an average summer temperature reduction of 1.8 degrees Celsius.

Paragraph C: Furthermore, high temperatures directly escalate energy consumption for air conditioning, which in turn emits additional waste heat and greenhouse gases—creating a self-reinforcing feedback loop. However, municipal authorities in Singapore and Tokyo have successfully mitigated this cycle by mandating vertical rooftop gardens on all new commercial skyscrapers constructed after 2018.